What this course is about
The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (MPRDA) is the law at the centre of every mine in South Africa. This course explains, in plain language, what the Act says about who owns minerals, how rights are granted, what communities are entitled to, and how decisions can be challenged, so that learners can take part in decisions with confidence.
Who it is for
Community members, ward and traditional structures, mine employees, union representatives, municipal officials and anyone who wants to understand the legal ground beneath a mine. Recommended directly after Course 1.
What you will be able to do
- Explain State custodianship of mineral resources and the purpose of the MPRDA.
- Distinguish prospecting rights, mining rights and mining permits, and identify which require a Social and Labour Plan.
- Describe what the 2020 amended MPRDA Regulations require for consultation with mine communities.
- Explain how a decision under the MPRDA can be challenged and what is changing in the law.
Preview: the first two minutes
Module 1 · Introduction · 2 min

Animated scene (fictional, Kopano, 2001 and 2004): a family who once held mineral rights under the old system watches the new Act arrive. A narrator asks: who decides what lies under the land now?
Modules

Module 1 · 18 min
Who owns the minerals: the State as custodian
Explain State custodianship of mineral resources and the purpose of the MPRDA.

Module 2 · 18 min
Rights and permits, and what attaches to each
Distinguish prospecting rights, mining rights and mining permits, and identify which require a Social and Labour Plan.

Module 3 · 18 min
Consultation and communities under the 2020 regulations
Describe what the 2020 amended MPRDA Regulations require for consultation with mine communities.

Module 4 · 18 min
Challenging decisions and what is changing
Explain how a decision under the MPRDA can be challenged and what is changing in the law.
Go deeper
- Full text of the MPRDA and its Regulations on Acts Online.
- Wits Centre for Applied Legal Studies commentary on the draft Bill: CALS.
Sources
- https://www.workinfo.com/index.php/legislation/item/1239-social-and-labour-plan-guidelines-october-2010
- https://webberwentzel.com:443/News/Pages/mprda-regulations-widen-the-obligation-to-consult.aspx
- https://webberwentzel.com/News/Pages/2018-mining-charter-is-policy-not-law.aspx
- https://www.acts.co.za/mineral-and-petroleum-resources/96_internal_appeal_process_and_access_to_courts
- https://law.uct.ac.za/merlia/articles/2026-01-27-written-submissions-draft-mineral-resources-development-bill-2025-gn-6210-government-gazette-no
- https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/our-principles/mining-principles/mining-principles
- https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2017/02/oecd-due-diligence-guidance-for-meaningful-stakeholder-engagement-in-the-extractive-sector_g1g65995.html
- https://www.wits.ac.za/news/sources/cals-news/2025/cals-comments-on-draft-mineral-resources-development-bill.html